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Description: 一个双原子分子的势能函数为
Ep=E0[(r0\r)12-2(r0/r)6]
式中，ｒ为两原子间的距离。ａ.绘制势能曲线。b.由图说明r0是势能最小的分子间距。c.由图说明E0是分子势能的最小值。
-A diatomic molecule potential energy function for the Ep = E0 [(r0 \ r) 12-2 (r0/r) 6] where, r is the distance between two atoms. a. draw the potential energy curve. b. r0 is the potential energy by the figure shows the minimum distance between the molecules. c. Figure shows the molecular potential energy E0 is the minimum.
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Size: 72704 |
Author: qiuyinjie |
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Description: 模拟退火算法——组合优化
模拟退火算法主要用于解决组和优化问题，它是模拟物理中晶体物质的退火过程而开发的一种优化算法。在对固体物质进行模拟退火处理时，通常先将它加温熔化，使其中的粒子可自由运动，然后随着温度的逐渐下降，粒子也逐渐形成了低能态的晶格。若在凝结点附近的温度下降速率足够慢，则固体物质一定会形成最低能态的基态。
对于组合优化问题来说，它也有这样的类似过程。组合优化问题解空间中的每一点都代表一个具有不同目标函数值的解。所谓优化，就是在解空间中寻找目标函数最小（大）解的过程。若把目标函数看成能量函数，某一控制参数视为温度 T，解空间当作形态空间，那么寻找基态的过程也就是求目标函数极小值的优化过程。
-Simulated annealing algorithm- combinatorial optimization
Simulated annealing algorithm used to solve optimization problems and the group, it is the physical simulation of the crystal material in the annealing process and the development of an optimization algorithm. Solid substances in the simulated annealing process, it is usually heated it first melts, so that the particles are free to exercise, then gradually decreased as the temperature of the particles gradually formed a lower state of the lattice. If the temperature drops near the condensation rate slow enough, the solids will form the lowest energy state of the ground state.
For combinatorial optimization problems, it also has such a similar process. Combinatorial optimization problem the solution space of each point represents a different objective function value of the solution. The so-called optimization, is in the solution space to find the minimum objective function (large) solution process. If the objective function a
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Size: 26624 |
Author: ccc |
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Description: 模拟退火算法来源于固体退火原理，将固体加温至充分高，再让其徐徐冷却，加温时，固体内部粒子随温升变为无序状，内能增大，而徐徐冷却时粒子渐趋有序，在每个温度都达到平衡态，最后在常温时达到基态，内能减为最小。根据Metropolis准则，粒子在温度T时趋于平衡的概率为e-ΔE/(kT)，其中E为温度T时的内能，ΔE为其改变量，k为Boltzmann常数。用固体退火模拟组合优化问题，将内能E模拟为目标函数值f，温度T演化成控制参数t，即得到解组合优化问题的模拟退火算法：由初始解i和控制参数初值t开始-Simulated annealing algorithm comes from solid annealing principle, will warm to fully solid high, then let it slowly cooling, heating, solid internal particles with a temperature rise of disorder, can increase, and gradually cooled gradually orderly particles, and in every temperature at the balance state, and the last in the normal temperature at the ground state, internal energy is reduced to the minimum standards according to the Metropolis, particle in temperature T tend to balance when the probability of e-Δ e/(kT), which for temperature T e the internal energy, Δ e for its change the volume, k as Boltzmann constant use solid annealing simulation combinatorial optimization problem, the internal energy e simulation for target function value f, temperature T evolution into control parameters T, namely get solution combinatorial optimization problem of simulated annealing algorithm: the initial solution I and control parameter optimization.finally T start
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Size: 5120 |
Author: 黄 |
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Description: 在传统矩阵变换器和多电平逆变器的基础上,提出一种新颖的多电平矩阵变换器,介绍了其拓扑结构和工
作原理.多电平矩阵变换器的能量传递,是通过三相输入电压对中点电容充电到一个恒定直流电压而实现的.选择适
当的控制算法和电容电压,能在变换器的两侧合成低次谐波含量小且波形近似于正弦的可控输入/输出电压.对多电
平矩阵变换器进行建模和仿真,并探讨了其输出能控性.
- On the basis of a conventional matrix converter and a multilevel inverter, a novel multilevel matrix
converter is proposed, and its topology configuration and principle are introduced. This converter operates as a
bidirectional converter and transfers energy between its two sides by charging the midpoint capacitors to a known
constant DC voltage level. Proper selection of control algorithms and capacitor voltages helps synthesize controllable
and waveforms almost sinusoidal three-phases AC voltage with minimum low-order harmonics at both sides of the
converter. The multilevel matrix converter is modeled and simulated with its output controllability discussed.
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Author: haha |
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Description: we have discussed HCTA based tracking and single hop routing and LEACH based
tracking and clustering routing. LEACH based tracking is divides sensor nodes in cluster. In each
cluster CH (cluster head) applies aggregation process on packets then directly transmits to sink node.
Thus, minimum packets transmit and packets does not route entire sensor nodes in WSN. CHs in
clusters transmit packets based on carrier sense multiple access collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), to prevent collision and minimize transmission and reception process. Overall energy conserve by LEACH during simulation is same.
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Size: 4096 |
Author: FH |
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Description: find the path for seam carving with minimum forward energy
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Size: 1024 |
Author: PhilipMorris |
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Description: 为了减少alpha-expansion算法的计算量，本文在标号为alpha的像素向其它像素膨胀的过程中，先隔离非alpha类间的联系，而只考虑alpha类与非alpha类之间的关系，从而避免alpha-expansion算法需要构造辅助结点的问题，减少了s/t图中边的数目，提高了算法的计算效率。因放松了非alpha类间的关系对alpha膨胀的约束，使得算法可以更容易得跳出能量函数的局部极小点而获得更优的分割结果。-In order to reduce alpha- expansion algorithm calculation, based on the label for alpha pixel to other pixel expansion process, first isolation than alpha between class relation, and only consider alpha class and the alpha relation between kind, so as to avoid alpha- expansion algorithm need to construct auxiliary node problem, reduce the s/t diagram of the number of edge, improve the computation efficiency of the algorithm. For relax the alpha class to the relationship between the constraints of alpha expansion, which makes the algorithm can be more easy to jump out of the energy function of the local minimum point and obtain better segmentation result.
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Author: 张钰倩 |
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Description: Z-source energy conversion is a recent concept intro-duced for adding voltage-boost functionality to the traditional buck-only dc-ac inverter. The same concept can equally be ex-tended to the indirect ac-ac matrix converter, where only a single Z-source impedance network needs to be inserted to its interme-diate dc-link. The topology formed is thus quite straightforward. Its modulation is however nontrivial if advantages like buck-boost flexibility, minimum commutation count, ease of implementation, and sinusoidal input and output quantities are to be attained sim-ultaneously. This capability is now
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Author: sajitsanit |
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Description: NSEG是美国兰利研究中心推出的飞行器起飞、爬升、巡航、加速、下降、减速和着陆等各个过程分析软件。-NSEG was developed to perform rapid aircraft mission analyses. It is based upon the
use of approximate equations of motion whose form varies with the type of flight
segment. Flight segments considered are takeoff, accelerations, climbs, cruises, descents,
decelerations, and landings. Layered atmosphere options are available. The program can
also be used for flight envelope mapping. NSEG provides the capability to analyze
aircraft missions from low to hypersonic speeds. Realistic and detailed vehicle
characteristics are input to NSEG to permit accurate mission analysis. NSEG allows
engine scaling so as to fit the design under analysis. NSEG contains several approximate
flight path optimization capabilities based on Rutowski energy-like criteria for
considering minimum time or fuel flight segments and maximum range segments during
climb or descent. Takeoff and landing analysis is based on the Air Force Flight
Dynamics Laboratory DATCOM method of high lift aerodynamic modelling
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Size: 150528 |
Author: 李喜 |
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Description: 模拟退火算法来源于固体退火原理，将固体加温至充分高，再让其徐徐冷却，加温时，固体内部粒子随温升变为无序状，内能增大，而徐徐冷却时粒子渐趋有序，在每个温度都达到平衡态，最后在常温时达到基态，内能减为最小-Simulated annealing algorithm derived from solid annealing principle, the solid heated to a sufficiently high, let it slowly cooled, heated, the solid particles with the temperature rise becomes disordered state, internal energy increases, and slowly cooling particles gradually increasingly ordered, at each temperature has reached equilibrium, the final temperature reached in the ground state, which can be reduced to the minimum
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Size: 5120 |
Author: icekwok |
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Description: 模擬退火是一種通用概率演算法，用來在固定时间内寻求在一個大的搜尋空間內找到的最優解。
模擬退火來自冶金學的專有名詞退火。退火是將材料加熱後再經特定速率冷卻，目的是增大晶粒的體積，並且減少晶格中的缺陷。材料中的原子原來會停留在使內能有局部最小值的位置，加熱使能量變大，原子會離開原來位置，而隨機在其他位置中移動。退火冷卻時速度較慢，使得原子有較多可能可以找到內能比原先更低的位置。
模擬退火的原理也和金屬退火的原理近似：我們將熱力學的理論套用到統計學上，將搜尋空間內每一點想像成空氣內的分子；分子的能量，就是它本身的動能；而搜尋空間內的每一點，也像空氣分子一樣帶有「能量」，以表示該點對命題的合適程度。演算法先以搜尋空間內一個任意點作起始：每一步先選擇一個「鄰居」，然後再計算從現有位置到達「鄰居」的機率。
可以證明，模擬退火演算法所得解依機率收斂到全局最優解。
-Simulated annealing is a generic probabilistic algorithm used in a fixed period of time to seek in a large search space to find the optimal solution.
Simulated annealing terminology from metallurgical annealing. Heating the material after annealing is cooled at a specific rate through the purpose is to increase the grain size, and reduce defects in the crystal lattice. Atoms in the original material will remain in the internal energy of a local minimum position, heating energy increases, atoms leave the original position, and move randomly in other locations. Annealing cooling rate is slow, so that atoms are more likely to be found within a position lower than the original.
The principle is also simulated annealing and metal annealing approximation principle: We will apply the theory of thermodynamics to statistical would imagine every point within the search space of air molecules molecular energy is the kinetic energy of its own while searching for space every point, like air
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Size: 140288 |
Author: Andrew Yeh |
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Description: 在一个果园里，多多已经将所有的果子打了下来，而且按果子的不同种类分成了不同的堆。多多决定把所有的果子合成一堆。
每一次合并，多多可以把两堆果子合并到一起，消耗的体力等于两堆果子的重量之和。可以看出，所有的果子经过n-1次合并之后，就只剩下一堆了。多多在合并果子时总共消耗的体力等于每次合并所耗体力之和。
因为还要花大力气把这些果子搬回家，所以多多在合并果子时要尽可能地节省体力。假定每个果子重量都为1，并且已知果子的种类数和每种果子的数目，你的任务是设计出合并的次序方案，使多多耗费的体力最少，并输出这个最小的体力耗费值。
例如有3种果子，数目依次为1，2，9。可以先将1、2堆合并，新堆数目为3，耗费体力为3。接着，将新堆与原先的第三堆合并，又得到新的堆，数目为12，耗费体力为12。所以多多总共耗费体力=3+12=15。可以证明15为最小的体力耗费值。
输入
输入包括两行，第一行是一个整数n(1<＝n<=10000)，表示果子的种类数。第二行包含n个整数，用空格分隔，第i个整数ai(1<＝ai<=10000)是第i种果子的数目。
输出
输出包括一行，这一行只包含一个整数，也就是最小的体力耗费值。输入数据保证这个值小于231。-In an orchard , a lot has shot down all the fruit , but also according to different types of fruit into a different heap. Toto decided to put all the fruit of the synthetic pile .
Every merger , a lot of piles of fruit can be merged together , physical consumption is equal to the weight of the fruit and piles . As can be seen , all of the fruit after n-1 times after the merger, on the left a pile . When a lot of fruit in the combined total of the physical consumption is equal to each combination of physical consumption .
Because they have to spend great efforts to put these fruits moved back home , so a lot of the fruit of the merger should save energy as much as possible . Assume that each fruit weight is 1 , and the number of species known to fruit and the number of each type of fruit , your task is to design a sequence of merger proposal , so that it takes a lot of physical minimum and the output value of this minimal physical exertion .
For example there are three kinds of
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Author: kenber |
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Description: 土木工程领域。matlab斜拉桥有限元调索程序。二维，线性结构。可以输入结构模型参数。包含三种方法：可行域法，弯矩能量最小法，零弯矩法。-Civil engineering fields. transfer cable stayed bridge matlab finite element program. Two-dimensional, linear structure. Structural model parameters can be entered. Contains three methods: feasible domain method, the minimum bending energy, zero moment method.
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Author: xionger |
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Description: 模拟退火算法来源于固体退火原理，将固体加温至充分高，再让其徐徐冷却，加温时，固体内部粒子随温升变为无序状，内能增大，而徐徐冷却时粒子渐趋有序，在每个温度都达到平衡态，最后在常温时达到基态，内能减为最小。
-Simulated annealing algorithm derived from solid annealing principle, the solid is heated to a sufficiently high, let it cool slowly, when heated, solid particles with temperature becomes disordered state, the internal energy increases, while slowly cooling the particles gradually increasingly ordered at each temperature to reach equilibrium, and finally reach the ground state at normal temperature, which can be reduced to a minimum.
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Author: 朱坤鸿 |
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Description: 这是一种图割算法的实现，包含标签的设置、能量函数的构造以及最大流/最小割算法的实现-This is a graph cut algorithm, including the Settings tab, the structure and function of the maximum energy flow/minimum cut algorithm implementation
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Size: 149504 |
Author: renmeimei |
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Description: 用TI430最小系统开发的瓦斯检测报警器，本设计的特点是节能，间断式检测，休眠期间传感器不供电，检测期间由PWM降压自动为传感器提供稳定的电压，达到节能的效果-Minimum system developed by TI430 gas detection alarm, the characteristics of this design is energy saving, intermittent detection sensor is not powered during the dormant period is automatically detected by the sensor provides stable voltage PWM buck to achieve energy-saving effect
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Size: 13312 |
Author: 王坤 |
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Description: 实用的IGBT的RCD吸收电路，采用真实器件参数，做到基本无尖峰且吸收能量最小，保持开关管最小应力-Practical IGBT of RCD snubber circuit, using the real device parameters, so that almost no energy absorption peak and minimum, keep the switch minimum stress! !
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Author: yifeng |
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Description: 最小二乘法是一种数学优化技术。它通过最小化误差的平方和寻找数据的最佳函数匹配。利用最小二乘法可以简便地求得未知的数据，并使得这些求得的数据与实际数据之间误差的平方和为最小。最小二乘法还可用于曲线拟合。其他一些优化问题也可通过最小化能量或最大化熵用最小二乘法来表达。-Least squares method is a mathematical optimization techniques. It matches by squaring and finding data to minimize the error of the best functions. Least square method can easily be obtained unknown data, and so these squared error between the obtained data and the actual data and the minimum. The least squares method can be used for curve fitting. Some other optimization problems can be expressed by the least squares method by minimizing or maximizing entropy energy.
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Description: 本程序用于求解以网损、电压偏差、投资运行费用最小为目标的配电网分布式能源选址定容问题，并辅以相关文献。-This procedure is used to solve the loss, voltage deviation, minimum operating cost investment objective distribution network of distributed energy locating and sizing issues, supplemented by relevant literature.
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Author: 刘佳 |
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Description: This paper presents an Artificial Immune System approach for solving generation scheduling problem of a
Genco comprised of thermal and wind energy systems. Wind–thermal scheduling problem determine the
time of instant to start up and shut down the generating units over a scheduled time period, while satisfying
the ‘system’ and ‘generator’ constraints including minimum up/down time ramp rate limits of
thermal units and wind power constraints. In this work, the impact of wind energy on short term generation
scheduling problem is analyzed through the adaptive search which is inspired the Artificial
Immune System. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a Genco consis-This paper presents an Artificial Immune System approach for solving generation scheduling problem of a
Genco comprised of thermal and wind energy systems. Wind–thermal scheduling problem determine the
time of instant to start up and shut down the generating units over a scheduled time period, while satisfying
the ‘system’ and ‘generator’ constraints including minimum up/down time ramp rate limits of
thermal units and wind power constraints. In this work, the impact of wind energy on short term generation
scheduling problem is analyzed through the adaptive search which is inspired the Artificial
Immune System. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a Genco consis
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Author: yangs |
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